Abstract
The process of cutting laminations from which the cores of electric machines are built causes a change in their magnetic properties and losses, which can significantly affect machines’ parameters, mainly losses of power and efficiency. Electric motors are a significant consumer of electricity; therefore, the problem of increasing their efficiency is fundamental from the point of view of environmental impact. The subject of the work is the study of the influence of punching and laser cutting on the magnetization and loss characteristics of sheets, taking into account the phenomenon of magnetic anisotropy. For this purpose, samples cut in different directions were tested. As the direction of the field action in the motor core varies in different parts of the machine and time moments, it was investigated how to obtain average characteristics for different directions of magnetization. Then, a simplified method for determining the characteristics of punched sheets of various widths based on small-width samples and water cut samples is presented. The proposed solutions allow for refinement of the calculations of magnetic circuits with a simplified consideration of the influence of punching.
Highlights
Electric motors consume the most significant proportion of the electricity produced
The measurement results presented in the paper confirm that punching has a significant impact on the material properties of electric machine cores: magnetizability and loss
Based on the obtained measurement results, it was found that the average characteristics obtained for samples cut at different angles in relation to the rolling direction of the sheet do not differ much from the averaged characteristics for samples cut at an angle of 0 and 90 degrees
Summary
Electric motors consume the most significant proportion of the electricity produced. It is estimated that the share of motors is between 43% and 46% of the global electricity consumption. Comparing the magnetization and specific loss characteristics for sheets subjected to the cutting process with the datasheet presented by the manufacturers shows significant differences, which affect the efficiency and performance of the produced motors. An important conclusion from the considerations is that in these calculations, catalog characteristics should not be used, which do not take into account the anisotropy of the sheet material and the influence of cutting technology on the change in the properties of the material from which the electric motor core is made. The destruction zone may be slightly smaller, but the punching and testing of the material parameters of samples with a smaller width are very difficult and may cause additional errors On this basis, when calculating the electromagnetic parameters and losses of electrical machines, it will be possible to use material characteristics corresponding to the actual width of individual parts of the machine’s magnetic circuit, determined based on only two sheet characteristics. The authors’ further work will develop more accurate methods of estimating the properties of magnetic steels subjected to cutting
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