Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of moderating factor namely religious school on the relationship between the determinants and participation in the spiritual activities among Malaysian Muslim youth. This quantitative research was performed using a survey method through questionnaires. The total of 623 samples selection in this study using the technique of the proportional cluster random sampling from undergraduate students at the selected Malaysia Public University. Theory of Planned Behaviour (Ajzen, 1985) was applied as a basis for this study. The results of the Hierarchical Regression analysis revealed that the religious school was found to have significant and positive moderator effect on the relationship between spiritual practices and participation. Instead of attitudes, environmental influences perceived behavioural control, appreciation of religion and demographic characteristics affect positively to the participation of Muslim youth in spirituality development program. Thus, all parties including educational institutions, family and communities need to give more emphasis to one’s religious education factor to ensure a holistic youth development towards nation building of the country.
Highlights
Traditional architecture despite being regarded as primitive or out dated has always been the main source of references in the social and cultural studies by architects, historian and anthropologists
At least two types of Tunjuk Langit exist in Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP)
Papan Pemeleh of RLBP is different compared to those the iconic Papan Pemeleh of the east coast style in Kelantan and Terengganu
Summary
Traditional architecture despite being regarded as primitive or out dated has always been the main source of references in the social and cultural studies by architects, historian and anthropologists. In the state of Perak the development and expansion of the traditional Malay villages and towns during the colonial era outlined an interesting collection of architectural study. Colonial architecture The traditional Malay architecture found along the riverbank of Sungai Perak are mostly in the form of old Malay palaces, traditional houses and mosques whilst the colonial architecture are mostly located in several towns along the river such as Kuala Kangsar, Parit, Bota, Pasir Salak, Kampung Gajah and Teluk Intan where many. A typological study of the traditional architecture established at least two main categories or architectural styles: i. Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP) Study done by Anuar Talib (2005), (Norhasandi Bin Mat, 2010) and (Mohd, 2018) found that RBM were the earlier architectural style of the Perak Malay houses in comparison to RLBP. The earliest house of RLBP found was built circa 1900‟s and continue until 1970‟s with certain architectural design development
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