THE EFFECT OF PLACENTAL CRYOEXTRACT ON THE STATE OF PROTEIN-LIPID METABOLISM IN THE GASTRIC MUCOSA IN EXPERIMENTAL STRESS-INDUCED ULCERS

Abstract

Introduction. Peptic ulcer is one of the most prevalent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Stress factor is considered to have the highest impact on the development of ulcers, as it is present in almost all cases of onset and exacerbation of this disease. Acute stress ulcers occur with severe injuries, acute diseases of various organs, shock, a sharp drop in blood pressure, oxygen deficiency of body tissues, liver, kidney and others. Given the above facts, in the correction of stress-induced lesions of the gastric mucosa (GM) therapeutically, the target should consider not only reducing the aggression factors of gastric juice, but also the normalization of changes in protein and carbohydrate metabolism in GM. In this aspect, our attention was drawn to the domestic biotechnological preparation of placental cryoextract (CEP), which has a range of valuable biological effects. The aim is to study the effect of cryopreserved placenta extract on the state of protein-lipid metabolism in the gastric mucosa in a model of water-immobilization stress in rats. Materials and methods of research. The studies were performed on 28 nonlinear laboratory male rats weighing 200–220 g. Stress-induced gastric ulcer was modeled under water-immobilization stress (WIS) in rats according to the method of Takagi et al. To obtain the homogenate, the GM was perfused with cold (+ 4°C) buffer solution and homogenized at 3000 rpm (teflon/glass). The content of oxidatively modificated proteins (OMP) in GM was determined by Dubinina spectrophotometric method. The content of total lipids in the GM was determined spectrophotometrically by color reaction with sulfophosphovaniline reagent. Phospholipids (PL) were fractionated by the method of Svetashev and Vaskovsky. Research results. Evaluation of changes in protein metabolism in GM showed that the level of total protein in rats, which were preventively administered CEP before WIS, was almost comparable with that of intact rats, i.e., 50.1 ± 1.7 μg/mg tissue and 51.1 ± 1.3 μg/mg of tissue, respectively, which indicated the elimination of disorders of protein homeostasis with the introduction of the studied cryoextract. Studies of changes in total lipids and PL showed that the content of PL of animals treated with CEP was 26.9 ± 0.9%, which was not significantly different from that of intact animals (30.5 ± 0.9%) and, at the same time, it was by 7.3% higher (p < 0.001) as compared with animals who were administered esomeprazole. Conclusions. Prophylactic five-day administration of CEP to WIS leads to normalization of all evaluated indices, in particular, to increase of the total protein level by 29.0% (p <0.01), decrease of oxidatively modified proteins level by 20.6% (p <0.01), and the 2.3-fold increase (p <0.001) of the level of phospholipids in the total lipids pool.