The Effect of Non-linear Periodization Strength Training on Basic and Professional Fitness of National Cross-country Skiers

Abstract

PURPOSE This study investigated the effect of non-linear periodization strength training on basic and professional fitness of national cross-country skiers.METHODS The body composition (height, weight, BMI, body fat %), basic physical strength (grip strength, lung capacity), anaerobic power (peak power, average power), graded exercise test (maximum heart rate, running time, VO<sub>2</sub>max, lactic acid), isokinetic strength (trunk strength), and 1RM (bench press, dead-lift, squat, shoulder press, leg curl, bicep curl, cable triceps extension) of nine national cross-country skiers (male: 5, female: 4) were measured. All analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0, Kruskal-Wallis H tests were applied to observe the changes by training methods. Mann-Whitney U tests were used as Post Hoc. RESULTS The results indicated that running time and VO<sub>2</sub>max post-test improved compared to that for the pre-test for graded exercise test. The lumbar extension strength of the post-test was higher than that for pre-test. There was no significant difference in other variables. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that nonlinear periodization strength training can be expected to improve running time, VO<sub>2</sub>max, and trunk strength for cross-country athletes; however, it does not affect the overall changes.