The Effect of Nanoparticle-Incorporated Natural-Based Biomaterials towards Cells on Activated Pathways: A Systematic Review.

Nur Fadilah,Isma Isa,Wan Zaman,Mh Fauzi,Yasuhiko Tabata

doi:10.3390/polym14030476

Nur Fadilah, Isma Isa + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030476

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Abstract

The advancement of natural-based biomaterials in providing a carrier has revealed a wide range of benefits in the biomedical sciences, particularly in wound healing, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Incorporating nanoparticles within polymer composites has been reported to enhance scaffolding performance, cellular interactions and their physico-chemical and biological properties in comparison to analogue composites without nanoparticles. This review summarized the current knowledge of nanoparticles incorporated into natural-based biomaterials with effects on their cellular interactions in wound healing. Although the mechanisms of wound healing and the function of specific cells in wound repair have been partially described, many of the underlying signaling pathways remain unknown. We also reviewed the current understanding and new insights into the wingless/integrated (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway and other signaling pathways of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Notch, and Sonic hedgehog during wound healing. The findings demonstrated that most of the studies reported positive outcomes of biomaterial scaffolds incorporated with nanoparticles on cell attachment, viability, proliferation, and migration. Combining therapies consisting of nanoparticles and biomaterials could be promising for future therapies and better outcomes in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Highlights

Nanoparticle-based therapies have a wide range of applications nowadays, and advances in nanotechnology offer novel solutions to disease problems
We reviewed the effects of the incorporation of nano‐ particles on cellular functions, including cell viability or cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, cell migration, intracellular antibacterial properties, and the main priority in tissue en‐ gineering applications involved in wound care management
We included the effects of the incorporation of nanoparticles in biomaterials on the mediation of cellular signal‐ ing pathways towards wound healing, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Summary

Introduction

Nanoparticle-based therapies have a wide range of applications nowadays, and advances in nanotechnology offer novel solutions to disease problems. Nanodelivery systems are rapidly developing new materials in the nanoscale range that are employed to deliver therapeutic agents to specific targeted sites in a controlled manner. It has offered numerous exciting possibilities in healthcare, and a few products are available on the market. Nanotechnology is essential technology in the 21st century, with an atomic group at the nano-scale size of 1–100 nm [1,2] We can obtain it from natural sources, chemically synthesize it, or obtain it as one of the by-products of forming nanoparticles [3,4].

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