THE EFFECT OF MYCORIZATION OF SEED AND SOIL BIOFERTILIZER ON THE FORMATION OF INDIVIDUAL PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN PLANTS

Abstract

This article presents the results of field research on the effect of seed treatment with the Mycofriend mycorrhizal biopreparation and the use of Groundfix soil biological fertilizer in pre-sowing cultivation, under different rates of mineral fertilization, on the formation of elements of individual plant productivity, namely the number of beans per plant, the number of grains per plant, mass grains from one plant and the mass of 1000 grains. The early ripening soybean variety of the Ukrainian selection Diadema Podillya was used for the study. The research was carried out during 2017-2021 at the research field of the "Agronomichne" research center of the VNAU. On the basis of the received data of the five-year cycle of field research, it was established that on the gray forest soils of the Right-bank forest-steppe, the most optimal conditions for the growth processes and development of soybean plants, and as a result of the formation of high individual productivity, are made under the conditions of applying mineral fertilizers in the norm of N60P60K60, soil biological Graunfix fertilizers (5 l/ha) and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the mycorrhizal preparation Mycofriend (1,5 l/t). Under these conditions, the maximum number of beans per plant was obtained in the experiment, 27,2 pcs. (19,3 pcs. on the control), the number of grains per plant is 47,2 pcs. (37,5 pcs. on the control), the weight of grains from the plant is 7,6 g (5,43 g on the control) and the weight of 1000 grains is 160,9 g (145,1 g on the control). It should be noted that the variant of the experiment, which involved the application of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N45P45K45, the application of Groundfix at the rate of 5 l/ha and the treatment of seeds with the mycorrhizal preparation Mycofriend (1.5 l/t) ensured the formation of indicators of individual plant productivity at the same level as the variant with the introduction of only mineral fertilizers at the rate of N60P60K60, and in some cases even exceeded it. At the same time, the number of beans per plant was 22,0 pcs., the number of grains per plant was 41,3 pcs., the weight of grains per plant was 6,32 g, and the weight of 1000 grains was 153,4 g.