The effect of molecular weight and chemical structure of cross-linkers on the properties of redox-responsive hyaluronic acid hydrogels

Abstract

In this work, we investigated the effect of the size and the chemical structure of crosslinkers on the properties of hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels prepared via an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction. Hydrogels having loose and dense networks were designed by cross-linkers with and without polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacers of different molecular weights (1000 and 4000 g/mol). The study showed that the properties of hydrogels such as swelling ratios (20–55 times), morphology, stability, mechanical strength (storage modulus in the range 175–858 Pa), and drug loading efficiency (87 % ~ 90 %) were greatly influenced by the addition of PEG and changing its molecular weight in the cross-linker. Particularly, the presence of PEG chains in redox- responsive crosslinkers increased the doxorubicin release (85 %, after 168 h) and the degradation rate (96 %, after 10 d) of hydrogels in the simulated reducing medium (10 mM DTT). The in vitro cytotoxicity experiments conducted for HEK-293 cells revealed that the formulated hydrogels were biocompatible, which could be a promising candidate for drug delivery applications.