Abstract
Soybean yields can be considerably improved by inoculation with selected Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains and fertilization. The aim of this study was to assess the productivity of two soybean cultivars depending on the applied N mineral fertilizers and seed inoculation with B. japonicum. The study showed that on average, for both cultivars, the soybean yield was most favorably affected by the combined use of inoculation and nitrogen fertilization (increase in seed yield by 42%, protein yield by about 28%). The application of mineral nitrogen at the dose of 30 or 60 kg·ha−1 allowed the increase in the seed yield by about 17% and protein content by about 14% compared to the control. Inoculation of soybean seeds with B. japonicum increased the yield of soybeans by about 20%, proteins by about 10% compared to the control, and inoculation of Hi®Stick Soy favored a better yield than Nitragina. Inoculation of seeds with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy and fertilization with mineral nitrogen increased the content of protein and fiber in seeds of both soybean cultivars, as well as reduced the amount of ash and fat. The seeds of cv. Aldana had a higher amount of protein and ash than cv. Annushka, but a similar amount of fat and fiber.
Highlights
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important legume cultivated worldwide and due to the high biological value of protein it is considered the most important protein plant in the world [1,2,3]
The use of seed inoculation with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy, containing bacteria that increase the production of nodules on the soybean root system, positively influenced the level of soybean yielding, and the difference in the seed yield in relation to the control was about 20%, and the increase in protein yield was lower and amounted to about 10%
The soybean yield was most favorably affected by the combined use of inoculation and nitrogen fertilization
Summary
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important legume cultivated worldwide and due to the high biological value of protein it is considered the most important protein plant in the world [1,2,3]. Global soybean production in 2020 was reported to be 361 million tones [4]. Soybean covers about 29% of the world supply of consumer vegetable oil [5]. Oil and protein are the two major seed compositions that give soybean the potentiality for use in various applications [6,7]. The soybean seed contains 40–42% of protein and 18–22% of oil [8,9,10,11,12,13]. Soybean consists of carbohydrate, potassium, and sodium [6]
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