Abstract
The aim of a six-year field experiment conducted in north-eastern (NE) Poland was to determine the effect of meat and bone meal (MBM) on phosphorus (P) content and uptake by different crops, soil available P balance, and soil pH. Five treatments were established: (1) zero-fert; (2) inorganic NPK; (3) 1.0 t ha−1 MBM; (4) 1.5 t ha−1 MBM; and (5) 2.0 t ha−1 MBM. Constant nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) rates and increasing P rates (0.0; 45; 68 and 90 kg ha−1) were applied. The lowest dose of MBM, which supplied 45 kg P ha−1 each year, was sufficient to meet the P requirements of silage maize, winter wheat, and winter oilseed rape to the same extent as mineral P fertilizer at the equivalent rate. The uptake, balance, and utilization of P by plants were comparable in both treatments. Phosphorus applied each year at high rates (68 and 90 kg ha−1) with two higher MBM doses contributed to excessive P accumulation in soil; therefore, MBM should not be applied at doses exceeding 1.5 t ha−1 to crops grown in acidic soils. Soil pH was not significantly affected by MBM. MBM can replace conventional mineral P fertilizers in crop cultivation.
Highlights
Meat and bone meal is obtained during the processing of raw animal materials, and it includes slaughterhouse waste not intended for human consumption such as heads, hooves, blood, fat, feathers, bones, and giblets
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of meat and bone meal (MBM) applied at three doses on P content and uptake by silage maize, winter wheat, and winter oilseed rape; the content and balance of available P in soil; and soil pH
In the six-year field experiment, three increasing doses of MBM led to significant changes in the P content of two tested crops—winter oilseed rape and winter wheat (Table 2)
Summary
Academic Editors: Othmane Merah, Phosphorus (P) is one of the three essential macronutrients required for the healthy growth and development of plants. One of the solutions is to use organic waste [2,3], including meat and bone meal (MBM) [4,5], as a source of nutrients for plants. Meat and bone meal is obtained during the processing of raw animal materials, and it includes slaughterhouse waste not intended for human consumption such as heads, hooves, blood, fat, feathers, bones, and giblets.
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