Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by autosomal inheritance in genes related to LDL-C metabolism, with the major clinical features of hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia and premature coronary artery disease. (LRP-1) is a member of the LDLR family. It is a membrane receptor with scavenging and signaling properties. LRP-1 interacts with a wide range of extracellular ligands as well as intracellular scaffolding and signaling proteins, which makes it important in crucial clinical circumstances like cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurological illnesses. Mir-205 uses these molecules as biomarker for cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to measure gene expression for the LPR-1 gene and its relationship to the development of cardiovascular disease in familial hypercholesterolemia and non-familial hypercholesterolemia. Also, it studies the indication whether mir-205 regulates the action of the LRP-1 gene in terms of increasing or decreasing gene expression. However, the available methods for measuring LRP1 levels are direct and quantitative using Poly Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) in real time, not at its ends. In the present study, blood was isolated from 150 individuals distributed into three groups: Group 1 included: 50 samples from a healthy group; Group 2: 50 samples from non-Familial hypercholesterolemia patients; Group 3:50 samples Familial hyperchol-esterolemia patients. The results showed that LRP1 protein expression was significantly reduced in patients with F.H compared with normal control in a small cohort from an Iraqi population. This pilot study suggests that the reduced LRP1 protein expression may be associated with cardiovascular disease progression.
Highlights
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a term used to describe a group of inherited and acquired illnesses in which the body's lipid levels are abnormally high [1]
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by autosomal inheritance in genes related to LDL-C metabolism, with the major clinical features of hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia and premature coronary artery disease. (LRP-1) is a member of the LDLR family
This study aims to measure gene expression for the LPR-1 gene and its relationship to the development of cardiovascular disease in familial hypercholesterolemia and nonfamilial hypercholesterolemia
Summary
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a term used to describe a group of inherited and acquired illnesses in which the body's lipid levels are abnormally high [1]. Hypercholesterolemia does not have any obvious symptoms but they are usually discovered during a routine examination or until it reaches the danger stage of a stroke or heart attack [2]. Primary (familial) hypercholesterolemia and secondary (acquired) hypercholesterolemia are the two types of hypercholesterolemia. Primary hypercholesterolemia is caused by a variety of genetic disorders that a patient can inherit at birth. Secondary hypercholesterolemia is caused by a different underlying cause: poor diet, medications (amiodarone, glucocorticoids), hypothyroidism, uncontrolled diabetes, and/or a poor lifestyle regimen [3, 4]. Hypercholesterolemia has been shown to be a major risk factor in developing CVD [7]
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