Abstract
The main objectives of current work are to reduce the permeability of clayey soil for different fluid (water and crude oil) and to predict its efficiency for petroleum storage. Current research uses a sodium bentonite (B) with percentage (1.5, 3 and 6%) by the dry weight of soil and coal tar extended epoxy resin coating as the lining material. The soil sample was brought from AL -Nahrawan region. Soil's permeability for petrol was studied through using compacted soil model and making a central hole (core) in it with changing its dimensions (diameter, thickness of wall and base), type of fluid and number of filling cycles. After filling the core with these fluids, the volume losses of fluids were measured per day. When two cycles were finished, a sample was taken from the base of the core to be examined in a consolidation test. Number of laboratory tests have been conducted such as (Atterberg limits, compaction test, consolidation, sieve analysis and specific gravity).The results showed that the increase in bentonite percentage causes an increase in (optimum moisture content, Atterberg limit and specific gravity) and also decreasing in (max dry unit weight and permeability) as the fluid was water. However, an increase in permeability was obtained using the crude oil. A reduction in volume losses was observed when using the lining material, coal tar extended epoxy resin coating.
Highlights
Environmental damage is usually the result of accidental spills and sometimes deliberate disposal of oil or oily wastes into water or land, through bursts of pipes and pumps, erosion of pipelines and spillage during transport [1]
Kavya et al (2016) [11] examined the potential of modified soil barrier by mixing locally available soil with sodium bentonite with percentage (3, 6, 9, 12, 15%) by weight to contain municipal solid waste .They observed an increasing in un confined compression strength and a decreasing in hydraulic conductivity with increasing percentage of bentonite
Perhaps the increase of dielectric constant and the decrease in cation valence of the pore fluid lead to an increasing in swelling and water retention which caused an increasing in Diffuse Double Layer thickness (DDL) and made an increasing in Atterberg limits .Similar to [21]
Summary
Environmental damage is usually the result of accidental spills and sometimes deliberate disposal of oil or oily wastes into water or land, through bursts of pipes and pumps, erosion of pipelines and spillage during transport [1]. Kavya et al (2016) [11] examined the potential of modified soil barrier by mixing locally available soil with sodium bentonite with percentage (3, 6, 9, 12, 15%) by weight to contain municipal solid waste .They observed an increasing in un confined compression strength and a decreasing in hydraulic conductivity with increasing percentage of bentonite. They found that 12% of the group met the liner standards and found it to be the optimum percentage. The new manner of coating the clay liner by Nitocote ET 402 yields the most effective results that minimizes the volume loss of crude oil than bentonite additive
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