Abstract
Soft corals (Alcyoniidae) can obtain the nutrients through the algae symbiont (zooxanthellae) and/or captures the prey with their tentacles. Increased mean sea surface temperatures cause damage to coral reef ecosystems, one of those mechanisms is reducing the feeding capacity in soft corals. Thus, this study aims to examine the feeding rates of soft corals Sinularia sp. and Sarcophyton sp. at different temperatures, to determine the effect of increasing temperature, feeding time and interaction between those factors on feeding rates of soft corals Sarcophyton sp. and Sinularia sp. samples of Soft corals were obtained from the cultured of PT. Dinar Darum Lestari in Sumberkima Bay Waters, Buleleng Regency. before the experiment, coral fragments were acclimatized for 2 weeks and fed twice a week at 26 ° C (control temperature). The Experiment started by increasing the water temperature in the aquarium 1°C every hour to reach 31°C (stress temperature). Once the temperature reached, it held for 5 days. Each aquarium (26 and 31°C) was fed by Artemia salina on the second and fourth days with density 100 animals/fragments in the morning for 3 hours. The remained prey was taken by Pasteur pipette and counted manually. The results showed that there was no significant difference of feeding rates in Sarcophyton sp. dan Sinularia sp. at both control and stress temperatures because both types of soft coral fragments have relatively the same temperature tolerance. The increased temperature significantly affected the feeding rate in both soft corals (P <0,000). However, feeding time and interaction between temperature and feeding time did not have a significant effect on the feeding rate. It is assumed that the increased temperature reduces the feeding rate in these soft corals. Moreover, these soft coral seems stress due to continuously incubate in high temperature (31°C) caused no significant difference in the feeding rates at all feeding times. keywords: soft coral, Sarcophyton sp., Sinularia sp., increased temperature., feeding rate, feeding time
Highlights
Increased the mean sea surface temperatures cause damage to coral reef ecosystems, one of those mechanisms is reducing the feeding capacity in soft corals
This study aimed to examine the feeding rates of soft corals Sinularia sp. and Sarcophyton sp. at different temperatures to determine the effect of increasing temperature, feeding time and interaction between those factors on feeding rates of soft corals Sarcophyton sp. and Sinularia sp
The results showed that there was no significant difference in feeding rates in Sarcophyton sp. dan Sinularia sp. at both control and stress temperatures
Summary
Karang lunak (Filum Cnidaria: Ordo Alcyonacea) merupakan organisme yang memiliki dua cara mendapatkan makanan yaitu secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Kemampuan mendapatkan makanan secara langsung pada karang lunak bervariasi berdasarkan berbagai faktor, yaitu antara lain morfologi karang sesuai jenis karang lunak (Goldberg, 2018), tipe pakan (Migne dan Davoult, 2002), serta suhu perairan (Coma et al, 2015). Karang lunak Eunicella singularis (ordo Alcyonacea) yang hidup di perairan Laut Mediterania menunjukkan laju pengambilan pakan yang lebih tinggi dengan jenis pakan yang ukurannya beragam pada musim semi dibandingkan pada musim dingin ataupun musim gugur (Coma et al, 2015). Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan suhu dan waktu pemberian pakan terhadap laju pengambilan pakan pada karang lunak Sarcophyton sp. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan suhu dan waktu pemberian pakan terhadap laju pengambilan pakan pada karang lunak Sarcophyton sp. dan Sinularia sp
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