THE EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE CLONAL MICROPROPAGATION OF ACTINIDIA GENUS

Abstract

Actinidia Kolomicta is the most common and frost-resistant fruiting vine. Its fruit contains a record amount of ascorbic acid and by this feature it is superior to other Actinidia species and crops like raspberries, lemon, and blackcurrant. The influence of growth regulators on the clonal micropropagation in the Actinidia genus has been studied in vitro. Two female varieties of Actinidia Kolomikta (Excellent & Moma) and one male form Actinidia Giraldi were the objects of investigation. Microcuttings with two buds were used as explants. We tested 15 variants of Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium with different ratio of growth regulators BAP, TDZ, 2-ip, IBA, NAA, L-glytamen. Activation of meristems development was the main method of clonal micropropagation. This method provides the minimum frequencies of changed forms. The best result was observed on medium supplemented with low concentrations of cytokinins: 2–3µM BAP and 4 µM 2-ip which promoted micropropagation. Combination of auxin with cytokinins has reduced the coefficient of micropropagation. The only for Moma variety on the medium containing 2,5 μM BAP +1,0 μM IBA was higher (2,5 ± 0,8). We registered no significant relationship between the used type of cytokinin (BAP, 2-ip, or TDZ) and its concentration. High concentrations of BAP (10 μM) decreased Actinidia multiplication factor from 2,5 to 1,2 and increased callus formation. Use of TDZ was not effective nevertheless. We did not identify the significant statistics coefficients of multiplication, shoot length, and number of leaves between species genotypes.