The Effect Of Glycemic Control On Serum Lipids And Calcium – Phosphate Profiles In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of glycemiccontrol levels in type 2 diabetic patients on the serum lipids andlipoprotein profiles and the serum levels of calcium, phosphate andsome other electrolytes.The study was conducted on 81 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,who were attending the Outpatient Diabetic and Endocrine Clinic inKing Khaled Hospital, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The patientswere classified into two groups depending on their glycosylatedhemoglobin (HbA1c); First: those with good glycemic control (GGC)who had their HbA1c &le; 7.5% (n= 38) and those with poor glycemiccontrol (PGC) who had their HbA1c > 7.5% (n= 43). The controlgroup comprised of 52 healthy subjects. All anthropometric andbiochemical measurements were carried out using the standardmethods.Both control and diabetic groups showed high prevalence of obesitywith BMI values > 30 (32.2% of C, 34.2% of GGC and 39.5% of thePGC). The fasting serum glucose levels in GGC and PGC groups weresignificantly higher than control by 77.3% and 1.1-fold, respectively.The serum total cholesterol (Tc) in the PGC group showed asignificant increase (P< 0.01) by 14.4%, whereas, the GGC was notsignificantly different from control. Tc showed a significant positivecorrelation with Hb A1c (r= 0.91, P=0.00007). On the other hand, the serum triglyceride was significantly higher (P< 0.01) in both GGC andPGC groups. The VLDL was elevated in the GGC by 96.5% and inthe PGC by 100% compared to control, whereas, the LDLc fractionsin the GGC and PGC were increased by 9.1% and 16.7%,respectively, but HDL-c was not altered. The Serum magnesium andsodium levels were not altered in any of the diabetic groups. However,calcium was significantly raised (P