Abstract
Gaze movement signals are controlled by retinal “error” signals— namely, target distance from fovea and retinal slip velocity. In addition, the perceived movement of the pursued target relative to extrapersonal space coordinates plays an essential role in gaze control. The latter value is elaborated by the sum of retinal error signals and efference copy signals of motor commands controlling gaze. This chapter discusses the data on gaze movement, visual movement, and space perception, which support the outflow hypothesis, but also emphasize the importance of spatially directed visual attention. In particular, the chapter discusses (i) visual movement perception induced by saccades or eye pursuit movements evoked by the intention to gaze at an extrafoveal visual target “stabilized” on the retina, (ii) visual movement perception evoked by eye pursuit movements or optokinetic nystagmus, when stationary spatially periodic stimulus patterns are illuminated stroboscopically (Sigma-movement), (iii) visual movement perception when an immobilized eye is stimulated and the subject intentionally pursues the moving stimulus, and (iv) the recalibration time course of spatial values of retinal coordinates during and after saccades.
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