The Effect of Gamma Co 60 Radiation on Soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr) Shade Tolerants

Abstract

Soybean is one of important national commodities for food and industry. Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves that have very strong penetrating power. One of the sources of gamma rays is from 60Co. With its strong penetration power, gamma rays can be used in plant breeding to create new genetic diversity in order to develop high-yielding varieties. Irradiation of gamma rays at 300 Gy dose on Denna 2 variety soybean was conducted, then it was planted as M1 plant and later continued to be planted as M2. In M2 generation, mutant lines was selected based on early maturity, better than of the parent variety.The criteria used was harvest age between 75-81 days, the plants should look robust and strong stems. Harvesting days of parent varieties (Denna 2) was 81 days, while the mutant strains obtained were between 75-81 days. Likewise, for the plant height, the parent variety was 42.30 cm, whereas mutant lines of 38,56 cm in average, making it more resistant to logging. The average pods for parent was 36.37 pods and mutant lines of 55.24 pods. In selected shade tolerant soybean of the M3 generation early aged mutan lines shade tolerant days, of the parent variety Denna 2 days.