Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of file size in the presence of Sodium hypochlorite and blood on the efficacy of Root ZX apex locator in enlarged root canals. The study sample comprised of 40 extracted straight, single rooted human lower premolars were used. The crowns of the teeth were removed with a low speed diamond saw. The actual canal length was determined by introducing size 10 K-file in the canal until the tip of the file became visible at the major apical foramen under a digital microscope at 10X magnification. Teeth were divided randomly into two groups, Group A (6% NaOCl) and Group B (Human blood containing EDTA as anticoagulant) of 20 teeth each (n = 20). All the teeth were instrumented in three different stages. Stage I: A 40 K-file was used as MAF, Stage II: A 60K-file was used as MAF. Stage III: A 80 K-file was used as MAF. Each tooth of both Groups of all stages and Root ZX apex locator were subsequently connected together in the experimental set-up. Before electronic canal measurements, the canals were irrigated with 6% NaOCl in group A, while in group B the canals were filled with human blood containing EDTA as an anti-coagulant. Then the readings were taken with 10 K-File to the respective MAF sizes of the respective stages. The obtained readings were compared with the actual canal lengths and statistically analyzed using three way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. Three way ANOVA and Bonferroni test showed that file size, stage of preparation and type of irrigant all had a significant influence on the measurement error (P<0.0001), with all the interactions between these three factors being significant. The present study indicates that, even in fully controlled in vitro study conditions, there is some inconsistency in the EAL measurements. Because of this potential inconsistency, EALs should not be used to replace the routine radiographic confirmation of the canal length in endodontic therapy.
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