Abstract
Edge mode could disturb the ultra-subtle mass detection for graphene resonators. Herein, classical molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the effect of edge mode on mass sensing for a doubly clamped strained graphene resonator. Compared with the fundamental mode, the localized vibration of edge mode shows a lower frequency with a constant frequency gap of 32.6 GHz, despite the mutable inner stress ranging from 10 to 50 GPa. Furthermore, the resonant frequency of edge mode is found to be insensitive to centrally located adsorbed mass, while the frequency of the fundamental mode decreases linearly with increasing adsorbates. Thus, a mass determination method using the difference of these two modes is proposed to reduce interferences for robust mass measurement. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that a stronger prestress or a higher width–length ratio of about 0.8 could increase the low-quality factor induced by edge mode, thus improving the performance in mass sensing for graphene resonators.
Highlights
Edge mode could disturb the ultra-subtle mass detection for graphene resonators
Molecular dynamics simulation is performed to investigate the distinct responses between edge modes and fundamental modes to adsorbed mass on graphene sheets, and a novel mass determination method based on the frequencies of these two modes is proposed, which is expected to diminish the interferences caused by mutable stress in graphene
molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in our study indicate that the frequency difference between fundamental eigenmodes and edge eigenmodes shows a faint dependency upon stress variance
Summary
Since Geim and co-workers fabricated monolayer graphene by mechanical exfoliation in 2004 [1], graphene-based device manufacturing infrastructure has seen considerable advancements [2,3,4,5] due to the excellent mechanical properties [6,7,8], preeminent thermal properties [9,10], and tunable electrical performances [11,12,13,14]. Molecular dynamics simulation is performed to investigate the distinct responses between edge modes and fundamental modes to adsorbed mass on graphene sheets, and a novel mass determination method based on the frequencies of these two modes is proposed, which is expected to diminish the interferences caused by mutable stress in graphene. Adopting edge mode in mass determination is expected to minimize the disturbance of stress fluctuations and identify the absorbed mass more accurately In this case, in combination with the negative effects [33,43] induced by edge modes on the quality factor of the graphene resonator, proper improvement methods, including exerting stronger prepress and maintaining a lager width–length ratio, are proposed to ensure the mass sensing performance of graphene resonators with edge modes
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