THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GELLING AGENTS ON THE SUN PROTECTION FACTOR FROM EMULGEL FORMULA OF BINJAI (MANGIFERA CAESIA JACK. EX. WALL) LEAVES METHANOL EXTRACT

Abstract

Binjai (Mangifera Caesia Jack. Ex. Wall) is one of the Mangifera species with a better antioxidant source and significantly high phenolic-flavonoid contents. Exploring the bioactive potential of Binjai must be necessary for the treatment and prevention of UV-mediated diseases to be developed due to sunscreen emulgel. This study aims to identify quercetin and mangiferin, and determine the sun protection factor (SPF) of Binjai leaves and the effect of the different gelling agents on the sunscreen emulgel SPF. Binjai leaves were extracted with methanol using the Soxhlet apparatus. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the remaining methanol solvent. The quercetin and mangiferin identification was examined by DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) spray-on TLC. The emulgel was made using three optimum formulas with different gelling agents (Carbopol, Na-CMC, and tragacanth). The SPF was determined by measuring the absorbance using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The extract was identified as not containing methanol solvent residual. Identification with TLC showed one yellow spot from the extract that was parallel with quercetin and also mangiferin on a purple background after spraying the DPPH. The extract with a concentration of 2500 ppm obtained an SPF of 23.01 compared to quercetin (50 ppm) which has an SPF of 16.93. The emulgel of the extract with the highest SPF of 21.38 was obtained from the Carbopol formula. The methanol extract of Binjai leaves has ultra-protection as a sunscreen with the variation of different gelling agents on the emulgel preparation did not affect the in vitro sunscreen activity.