Abstract
Simple SummaryGeese have a unique ability among aquatic poultry species to efficiently utilize high-fiber feedstuffs, however research investigating concentrate feeding strategies in the farm setting is limited. This experiment investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with inorganic or organic selenium on nutritional quality and shelf life of goose meat and liver samples. Differences between geese supplemented with I-Se and O-Se were detected for several parameters, yet these differences were less tangible than those between geese not supplemented with additional selenium (CON) and geese supplemented with additional selenium (I-Se and O-Se). Overall, it was concluded that supplementation with additional dietary selenium in both the inorganic and organic forms improved nutritional quality and shelf life of goose meat and liver samples.Ninety-six male goslings were allocated and assigned to treatment using a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments included a basal diet consisting of corn, wheat, and soybean meal with either no additional selenium (CON), 0.3 mg/kg of inorganic selenium (I-Se; sodium selenite), or 0.3 mg/kg of organic selenium (O-Se; selenium-enriched yeast). After a 56-day feeding period, geese were slaughtered on a common ending day and two geese per pen (n = 24) were used for the analyses conducted in this study. Meat (equal portions of the breast and thigh meat) and liver were collected and evaluated for proximate composition, fatty acid profile, pH, phenolic content, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) over a 9-day storage period at 4 °C. The meat and liver samples from geese supplemented I-Se or O-Se had greater (p < 0.01) lipid content compared with geese not supplemented with additional selenium. At the conclusion of the 9-day storage period, meat and liver samples from geese supplemented I-Se or O-Se had lower (p < 0.05) pH values, greater (p < 0.05) phenolic content, lower (p < 0.05) TBARS values, and lower (p < 0.05) TVB-N compared with geese not supplemented with additional selenium (CON).
Highlights
The reasons for the domestication of geese into sustainable agricultural systems include their ability to efficiently utilize high-fiber feedstuffs, their ease of production due to generally docile behavior, and their rapid growth rates–which are among the fastest growth rates in domesticated avian species [1,2]
Mikulski et al [45] reported greater intramuscular lipid content (0.71% vs. 0.54%; difference of 0.17 percentage units) for the breast muscle of turkeys supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of organic selenium compared with turkeys supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of inorganic selenium
It is well established that microbial growth during storage can affect pH [56,57], and data from the current study indicate that meat and liver samples from geese supplemented with selenium may behave differently in terms of their microbial stability
Summary
The reasons for the domestication of geese into sustainable agricultural systems include their ability to efficiently utilize high-fiber feedstuffs, their ease of production due to generally docile behavior, and their rapid growth rates–which are among the fastest growth rates in domesticated avian species [1,2]. The role of dietary selenium has been well documented in domesticated poultry species [3,4,5]. The maximum level of supplemental selenium that can be fed to poultry is regulated by government agencies in the United States, Canada, Europe, and most other countries. The maximum level of supplemental inorganic selenium (sodium selenite) that can be fed to poultry in most countries is 0.3 mg/kg [6]. The maximum level of supplemental organic selenium (selenium-enriched yeast or selenomethionine) that can be fed to poultry is 0.3 mg/kg in North America [7] and 0.5 mg/kg in Europe [8]. Key research initiatives in recent decades for several different domesticated livestock species include investigation into the appropriate level and source (inorganic versus organic) for selenium supplementation
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