Abstract
In the present study, the effects of competitive cations NH 4 +, K +, Ca 2+, Na +, Mg 2+ and Li + and co-anions Cl − and Br − on ion exchange of heavy metals Pb 2+, Fe 3+, Cr 3+ and Cu 2+ on clinoptilolite is examined. The presence of cations and anions in the solutions of heavy metals is reducing the removal of the latter and the order of decreasing negative effect is the following: NH 4 + > Mg 2+ > Ca 2+ > Na + > K + > Li + and Br − > Cl − for Pb 2+, NH 4 + > K + > Ca 2+ > Na +, Mg 2+ ≈ Li + and Br − > Cl − for Cr 3+, NH 4 + > K + > Na + > Ca 2+ > Li + > Mg 2+ and Cl − > Br − for Fe 3+ and Ca 2+ > NH 4 + > Li + > K + > Na + > Mg 2+ and Cl − > Br − for Cu 2+. In all cases, the selectivity of clinoptilolite for heavy metals is the following: Pb 2+ > Fe 3+ > Cr 3+ ≥ Cu 2+.
Published Version
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