The Effect of Clinical Frailty on Wound Healing in Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia.

Abstract

Clinical frailty increases the risk of adverse outcomes in older people. Patients with Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) also had several clinical frailties. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between clinical frailty scales (CFS) at discharge and wound healing rate in patients with tissue loss. A total of 510 limbs in 431 CLTI patients who were undergone endovascular treatment (EVT) from January 2013 to November 2018 were enrolled in this study. Patients were categorized into 4-groups based on the CFS stages: CFS 1 to 4 (well), CFS 5 (mild), CFS 6 (moderate) and CFS ≥7 (severe). And the change in patient's activities during hospitalize was classified into 3 groups based on CFS; improve, stable, worse. Primary endpoint was correlation between CFS at discharge and wound healing rate. Secondary endpoint was relationship between the changes in patient's activities and wound healing rate. A total of 365 limbs were obtained complete wound healing during this study period. Patient distribution into the 4 CFS groups was as follows: 13.3% (well), 21.8% (mild), 25.3% (moderate) and 39.6% (severe). Wound healing rate in severe CFS group was significantly lower than that in other CFS groups (p<0.0001). Wound healing rate in the patients who achieved improvement of activity was significantly higher than that in the other groups (p=0.008). CFS might be useful for risk stratification in patients with tissue loss. And improvement of activity during hospitalization might lead to increase the wound healing rate. Although the association between clinical frailty and prognosis outcome of Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) has been reported, the effect of clinical frailty on wound healing remains unclear. Clinical frailty scale is independently associated with wound healing and might be useful for risk stratification in patients with tissue loss. Improvement of activity during hospitalization might lead to increase the wound healing rate.