THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CONDITIONS ON THE PHENOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE AUTUMN OAT CROP

Abstract

In recent years, more and more research has been carried out on cereal crops in the context of climate change, as many of the scenarios predict a frequent and severe drought in the coming years for all crops, and thus, climate dependence requires a series of research for the efficient use of water. This study aims to demonstrate the influence of Lovrin's climatic conditions, resulting in different phenological features for autumn oat genotypes. Setter T. L. argues that in addition to the stages of development and the severity of stress, the effects of water deficit on cereals depended on soil type, environmental conditions; Banyai J., adds cultivated varieties or species and also Yang J. Specifies the cultivation technologies used. Thus, direct observations were made to describe the vegetation period of genotypes in the comparative competition culture of the autumn oats culture. So, we wrote down each phenological station using decimal codes for the growth and development of cereals according to those indicated by Chan and Konzak in 1974. In this paper, we have highlighted just a few more important phenophases to discuss the impact of Lovrin's climate conditions on differences in vegetation between genotypes. According to the climate data from Lovrin, we note the existence of differences in precipitation, respectively in the 2019-2020 agricultural year a deficit of precipitation (-49.2 mm) is observed, while in the 2020-2021 agricultural year we have values of +78 mm. As for the situation in the case of thermal conditions, in the agricultural year 2019-2020 there is a difference of 0,2 ℃ compared to the agricultural year 2020-2021.Following this study, we concluded that the effect of precipitation has the greatest impact on the growth and development of genotypes in the comparative competition culture of autumn oats, thus in the agricultural year 2020-2021, where we noticed the total average rainfall of +78 mm we obtained a different number of days for each interval between vegetation periods. Therefore, a difference of 23 days is noted from the growth of the plant to the twinning time between the agricultural year 2019-2020 and 2020-2021because, from September 2019 to May 2020, there was an average of -4.84 mm of precipitation, and from September 2020 to May 2021 there was an average of +13.71 mm precipitation.For the interval from the bellows phase to flowering, a value of 1,4 mm of precipitation is recorded in May 2021, especially important in terms of the grain filling process. In the case of baking phenophases, the situation is different, the thermal factor was noted with an average of +2.8 in June 2021, which has as a result the optimal time to harvest when the grain moisture decreases considerably.