The Effect of Chromosome Arm 1BS on the Fertility of Alloplasmic Recombinant Lines in Bread Wheat with the Hordeum vulgare Cytoplasm

Nataliya V Trubacheeva,Mikhail G Divashuk,Anastasiya G Chernook,Ludmila P Rosseeva,Igor A Belan,Lidiya A Pershina

doi:10.3390/plants10061120

Abstract

The genetic mechanisms of fertility restoration in alloplasmic bread wheat with the barley cytoplasm are poorly explored. The effect of the 1BS chromosome arm on the fertility of bread wheat with the H. vulgare cytoplasm was studied depending on the incompleteness/completeness of the cytonuclear compatibility. (i) Three self-fertile (SF) lines and one partially fertile (PF) line with an incomplete cytonuclear compatibility and (ii) four self-fertile (SF) lines with a complete cytonuclear compatibility were studied. For the lines in group (i), the heteroplasmy (simultaneous presence of barley and wheat copies) of the 18S/5S mitochondrial (mt) repeat was revealed as well as the barley-type homoplasmy of chloroplast simple sequence repeats (cpSSRs). In the lines in group (ii), the 18S/5S mt repeat and cpSSRs were found in the wheat-type homoplasmic state. In all of the lines, the 1BS chromosome arm was substituted for the 1RS arm. The F1 plants of SF(i)-1BS × 1RS hybrids were fertile. The results of a segregation analysis in the F2 plants of SF(i)-1BS × 1RS showed that 1BS carries a single dominant fertility restorer gene (Rf) of bread wheat with the H. vulgare cytoplasm. All of the F1 plants of PF(i)-1BS × 1RS hybrids were sterile. A single dose of this restorer gene is not sufficient to restore fertility in this alloplasmic PF(i) line. All of the F1 and F2 plants of SF(ii)-1BS × 1RS hybrids were self-fertile.

Highlights

Alloplasmic lines have been developed as a result of repeated backcrosses of wide hybrids with the pollen parent and by combining the cytoplasm of the maternal parent with the nuclear genome of the paternal parent [1]
Alloplasmic lines are produced from different species of cultivated plants and characterized by cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), which represents one of the three systems used to obtain hybrid seeds [8]
It has been emphasized that the key aspects of the implementation of this CMS-based hybrid production system are the selection of sources of cytoplasms with CMS and Rf genes that effectively maintain and restore male fertility

Summary

Introduction

Alloplasmic lines have been developed as a result of repeated backcrosses of wide hybrids with the pollen parent and by combining the cytoplasm of the maternal parent with the nuclear genome of the paternal parent [1]. Depending on the cytoplasm origin and genetic background, alloplasmic lines undergo changes in metabolism [3], sensitivity to stress factors [4,5] and morphological and agronomical traits [2,6,7]. Alloplasmic lines are produced from different species of cultivated plants and characterized by cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), which represents one of the three systems used to obtain hybrid seeds [8]. It has been emphasized that the key aspects of the implementation of this CMS-based hybrid production system are the selection of sources of cytoplasms with CMS and Rf genes that effectively maintain and restore male fertility. In fertile alloplasmic lines of bread wheat with the Aegilops squarrosa cytoplasm, depending on the genetic backgrounds, early maturation and increased yield were observed, which were explained by nucleuscytoplasm heterosis [11]

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