The Effect of Chlorogenic Acid in Green Arabica Coffee Beans on the Activity of Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Background: Gingivitis is a dental and oral health problem caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. This research utilized the antibacterial effect of the chlorogenic acid compound content of green Arabica coffee beans (Coffea arabica L.) on the activity of the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of chlorogenic acid from green Arabica coffee beans and its inhibitory diameter on the activity of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
 Methods: The research method used was laboratory experimental with post-test only with a control group design. The research samples were green Arabica coffee bean extract with various concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, which is compared to various concentrations of pure chlorogenic acid (95% Sigma-Aldrich). The chlorogenic acid content in the extract was analyzed with liquid chromatography LC-MS/MS. The large sample was determined using the Federer formula with a total sample size of 24 samples. The parameter measured was the diameter of the growth inhibition zone for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Data were analyzed statistically using One-way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD, and the research results were shown in regression graphs.
 Results: The results of the analysis of chlorogenic acid content of green arabica coffee bean extract amounted to 4.29% The results of this study showed that the average diameter of the inhibition zone of green Arabica coffee bean extract with concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was 7.65 ± 0.289 mm; 9.63 ± 0.550 mm, 10.50 ± 0.374 mm, and 12.75 ± 0.370 mm. Research shows that the higher the concentration of green Arabica coffee bean extract, the larger the diameter of the inhibition zone. 95% pure chlorogenic acid from Sigma-Aldrich displays an inhibition zone above 12.5%.
 Conclusion: Chlorogenic acid exerts a substantial inhibitory impact on the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.