Abstract
SummaryObjectiveThe objective of the study is to examine the role of characteristics of proteins in maternal and weaning diets on risk of metabolic syndrome in male offspring.MethodsPregnant Wistar rats were allocated to two groups (n = 12) and were fed the AIN‐93G diets based on either intact protein‐based diet (IPD) or mixed amino acid‐based diet (AAD) from day 3 of gestation throughout gestation and lactation. Male offspring were weaned to either an IPD or AAD diet for 18 weeks.ResultsIn dams, AAD group had lower body weight in post‐partum period and higher pulse rate compared with IPD group. In pups born to AAD dams, birth weight and body weight were significantly lower, and systolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were significantly higher compared with those born to IPD dams. Fat/weight ratio, insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were not influenced by either maternal or weaning diet.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the physico‐chemical structure of proteins fed to dams is important in altering risk factors of metabolic syndrome in the offspring, while weaning diets do not seem to play a role. IPD had more favourable effect than AAD. These results may also indicate that dietary recommendations during development must be updated based on physiological properties of dietary proteins that are beyond their nutritional role.
Highlights
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) has reached epidemic proportion [1]
Dietary proteins fed during gestation, lactation or both influenced the phenotype of offspring in humans and animals [6]
We have previously reported that pups born to dams fed a soy protein-based diet had higher body weight (BW), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and plasma insulin at week 14 postweaning (PW) compared with those born to dams fed a casein-based diet [18]
Summary
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) has reached epidemic proportion [1]. According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the prevalence of MS in 2010 was 34% [2]. Dietary proteins fed during gestation, lactation or both influenced the phenotype of offspring in humans and animals [6]. Both high-protein and low-protein maternal diets showed detrimental effects on body weight (BW), blood pressure, and metabolic and food intake regulatory systems in the offspring [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. Food intake was higher in offspring born to dams fed soy protein diet in PW period [19] These data indicate that even in a nutritionally
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