The Effect of Brusite Interlayer Deposition on Transformations of Expanding Clay Minerals Toward Chlorite Minerals in Al Sabkha Soils in AL- Diwaniyah and Hilla in Iraq

Abstract

This study is conducted to investigate the effect of brusite Interlayer deposition on transformations in clay minerals (2:1) toward mineral chlorite, through the choice of three pedons, two of them of sabakh soils(pedons1,2) and another of suitable agricultural(pedons3), in the regions of Diwaniyah and Hilla. X-rays show the occurrence of Chloritization in clay soils except Pedone soil of comparison by the presence of basal distance, which refers to the presence of Montmorilonite, or Vermiculate minerals in magnesium saturated and aerobically dried samples. Lack of expansion in magnesium saturated samples that are treated by Balothleen Klykol; its continuation in saturated potassium samples that are heated to the point of 350 °C, and its collapsing in the heated treatment to a temperature of 550 m° or its non-collapsing confirm the existence of bloated chlorite metal that emergs from the deposition of Brusite layer between the inner layers of Montmorilonite and Vermiculate.They also confirm Chloritization in the salty soils. Interpretation of the composition of Brusite layer and its higher stability on the continuation of the basal distance in aerobically dry samples to heated to 350 °, and it did not fully collapse in the heated treatments to 550 °. This happens in the clays of some of surface horizons of Sabakh soils. Spectrum infrared absorption (IR) shows the presence of frequencies of the association of magnesium hydroxide (Mg-OH) in saline soils refers to Brusite layer deposition between inner layers of clay minerals, which has been shown by X-ray curves. Spectral beam infrared shows the presence of magnesium hydroxide association in the comparison of pedon soil, and justifies that there are true chlorite clays in the soil