The effect of broccoli (Brassica oelracea var botrytis) extract to the microanatomy structure of liver and kidney in mice (Mus musculus L.) after exposed by lead acetate (Pb-acetate) orally

Abstract

The aims of this research were to know the effect of broccoli extract to the microanatomy structure of liver and kidney in mice after induction of lead acetate. Broccoli contains antitoxic compound such as sulforaphane, beta-carotene, indole, quercetin, and glutathione. The research was evaluated experimentally to Swiss mice at the age of 2 months with average weight of 31 g. These mice were divided into five groups. A group was a placebo controls that given only with distilled water 1 ml for 30 days. Negative control group received lead acetate orally at the dose of 0.52 mg/g body weights for 15 days. Mice of group 1, 2, and 3 received the same treatment but continued with giving broccoli extract orally in three doses: 2.1 mg; 2.8 mg and 3.5 mg/g bw/day respectively for 15 days. Liver and kidney were removed at 31st day. Observation of microanatomy structure was: 1) Determining the kind and damage level of hepatocyte, glomerulus and proximal tubules epithelia as the qualitative data; 2) Measuring the height of proximal tubules epithelia, glomerulus diameter and central vein diameter as the quantitative data, which then analyzed with ANOVA. The result of this research showed that exposed by lead acetate orally caused hydrophilic degeneration, fatty swelling and necrotic (pycnotic, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis) on hepatocyte and proximal tubules epithelia, swelling of glomeruli. Consumption of broccoli at the dose of 3.5 mg/g bw/day could repair the damage cells of lead acetate. Broccoli extract at the lowest dose (2.1 mg/g bw/day and 2.8 mg/g bw/day) could not repair the damage cells of lead acetate. Consumption of broccoli extract at the dose of 3.5 mg/g bw/day was helping the cells repairmen (i.e. hepatocyte, glomerulus and proximal tubule epithelia) in mice (Mus musculus. L) damage by lead acetate.