Abstract
Fluctuations in cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) yields are often a contributs to inflation in North Maluku. The addition of Mycorrhiza Arbuscular Fungus (AMF) can optimize the production of C. frutescens to suppress production fluctuations. The study aimed to determine the best dose of AMF for the growth and yield of C. frutescens. The research was conducted from April to October 2020 at AIAT North Maluku greenhouse. The study was arranged using Completely Randomized Design. Five level dosages of AMF were 0.0, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0 and 12.0 g per plant. Each treatment was repeated four times. The results showed that the application of AMF increased plant height, number of leaves, yield, and fruit weight of Capsicum frutescens. AMF treatment at a dosage of 9 g/plant gave the highest yields on the number of fruits (50.39 pcs), fruit weight (36.79 g), root length (89 cm), root wet weight (87.5 g), and infection mycorrhizae (94%). The dosage of AMF 9 g/plant had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the number and weight of C. frutescens fruit, length and weight of wet roots, and the percentage of mycorrhizal infection. The research implication is that the optimal dose of AMF can be a biological stimulating agent to increase plant growth and yield.
Highlights
Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a commodity where the supply and demand in the North Maluku market are often unbalanced, triggering high prices and contributing to inflation [1]
Morphological characters observation data and yields were processed by descriptive analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Least Significance Different (LSD) test
Cayenne pepper plant height shows an increase with increasing plant age (Figure 1)
Summary
Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a commodity where the supply and demand in the North Maluku market are often unbalanced, triggering high prices and contributing to inflation [1]. The limited availability of C. frutescens in the market is due to low yields at the farmer’s level. The planting area of C. frutescens in North Maluku in 2018 was around 2,133 ha, while the production was 4,661 tons [2]. Up to now C. frutescens cultivation has not been managed optimally, even though the growth of C. frutescens plants is highly dependent on the availability of nutrients [3] and effectiveness of production inputs [4]. The provision of AMF in addition to having a positive impact on plant growth can increase resistance to drought and soil-borne pathogens [7]. The benefits of AMF on C. frutescens plants in North Maluku are still very limited. This study is very important with the aim of knowing the best dosage of AMF for the optimum growth and highest yield of C. frutescens
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