Abstract
This research included experiments in laboratory and green house to study the effect of Eucalyptus camaladulensis leaf extracts at concentrations ( 5,10 and 15) % W:V on seed germination and growth of the weeds (Datura spp., Sonchus spp. and Sinapis spp.). Laboratory experiment, showed an inhibition in germination and seedling growth as the aqueous extracts concentration increased. The maximum inhibition in (germination, plumule length and weight) reaching (30.51, 52.4,56.2)% respectively in Sinapis, while the maximum inhibition in radical growth (55.5,53.5)% was shown in Datura at (15%). Green house results also showed that the highest inhibition (26.96,58.66,45.6)% respectively in germination and (shoot length and weight)in Sinapis at (15%), and high inhibition in (root length and weight) was (56.97,75.7)% in Datura at (15%). The Results were accompanied with the inhibition in the content of N, P, K maximum inhibition of N content (58.73%) in Datura, of P content (75.47%) in Sinapis and of K content (49.93%) in Datura at (15%). The content of the K increases in Sonchus at (10,15)% and in Sinapis at (15%). It was also shown that the weeds differ in their response to the allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus leaves extracts,indicating that Sinapis weed was sensitive whereas Sonchus seems to be resistant.
Highlights
Allelopathy is an important mechanism of plant interference mediated by the additional phytotoxins to the environment, chemicals with allelopathic potential are present in virtually all plants as in most tissues
Eucalyptus camaldulensis fresh leaves were collected from Mosul university at 2010, the fresh leaves were washed with tap water, followed by distilled water to remove the dust, three weights of fresh leaves (5,10,15)gm were homogenized with 100ml of distilled water by blender, filtrated through Whatman No.1 filter paper, a Petri dish assay was carried out for screening the effect of different concentrations of aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus on germination and seedling growth of three weeds (El-Khawas and Shehata, 2005)
As we see that the effect of the aqueous extracts depends on their concentrations, the highest reduction was noticed at (10 and 15)%,while the lowest reduction was recorded at 5%, rather than the significant difference between treatments
Summary
Allelopathy is an important mechanism of plant interference mediated by the additional phytotoxins to the environment, chemicals with allelopathic potential are present in virtually all plants as in most tissues. Eucalyptus camaldulensis belongs to the family myrtaceae It is a large perennial woody tree having distinctive glaucoushue and its leaves has shown allelopathic activity representative of a wide variety of plants capable of establishing gradients of toxicity in an otherwise uniform environment. Such gradients drastically alter the species composition and are highly important to the study of vegetative composition. The inhibitory effects on weeds were correlated with the accumulation of the internal contents of total phenols compared to their respective controls. Dadkhah and Assadi (2010) studied the allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on seed germination and seedling growth of Acroptilon repens, Plantago lanceolata and Portulaca oleracea and
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