THE EFFECT OF ANTHROPOGENIC FACTOR ON THE MODERN CONDITION OF ACCUMULATIVE FORMS OF RELIEF OF THE NORTH-WESTERN PART OF THE BLACK SEA

Abstract

Problem Statement and Purpose. In recent decades there has been increasing development of the coastal zone of the Black sea. This entails active intervention in the natural system of the coastal zone, particularly strong between the Сape Bolshoy Fontan and Zhebriyansky Bay. Since the 90-s of the last century to the present time, research scientists were sent to study various wave and non-wave processes on the underwater slope and the sea-coast in different parts of the lithodynamic cells in terms of actively changing natural processes and increasing human influence. To date, there is extensive material that requires serious consideration and generalizations for rational use of natural resources of the coastal zone. The aim of this work is the assessment of change in modern conditions the development of the coastal zone of the sea in the area of maximum anthropogenic load in the study region. The object of research is “lithodynamic cell” between the Сape Bolshoy Fontan and Zhebriyansky Bay in the north-western part of the Black sea. The subject – is man-made and ever-changing natural conditions of development of the coastal zone within the lithodynamic system.Data & Methods. Material for writing this article was the results of long-term stationary researches of the Department of physical geography, Odessa National University in the coastal zone of the Black sea between the Сape Bolshoy Fontan and Zhebriyansky Bay. In 70-80 of the twentieth century on this stretch of the coast within the limits of abrasion and accumulative forms of relief were laid stationary areas with the reference network. Until the mid 90-s was conducted annually survey the position of the edge of the cliff on the banks of the abrasion, surface leveling accumulative forms, measurements of the underwater slope, sampling sediments on the underwater slope and the surface of accumulative forms, the power measurement wind and sand flow on the beach, aeolian and estuary areas. Since 2000 surveying in these areas was not carried out annually. After laboratory processing of the obtained material were summarized from the standpoint of system approach to the study of the lithodynamic cell. The main methods of analysis were mapping, comparativegeographical, graphical and other geographical methods.Results. During the study of the coastal zone in the area of the site from the Сape Bolshoy Fontan and Zhebriyansky Bay, it was determined that an active economic activity affects the supply of sediments and leads to disruption of the dynamic equilibrium in the system. This in turn inevitably leads to the intensification of zone, but also along the entire length “lithodynamic cells.In addition, the violation of aeolian process between the different morphological zones has led to the fact that the rate of retreat of the marine edge of sandbars estuary of Dnester and Budaky was greater than the rate of extension of the estuary. This ratio of velocities, the dynamics inevitably leads to a decrease in width (narrowing) and height that is a sign of total degradation.