The effect of anisotropy on the intermediate and final form in deep drawing of SS304L, with high draw ratios: Experimentation and numerical simulation

Abstract

High deep draw ratio of metal sheets is often required in industry to produce complex structural components and is considered to be problematic beyond a draw ratio of 1.7. In addition, anisotropy of material plays a great role in the final form of deep drawn products. In this research AISI SS304 L high draw ratio deep drawing (HDR) cups have been developed by using multiple intermediate annealing steps. The form of flange produced at each draw step is recorded, Numerical simulation of the process is carried out using ABAQUS StandardTM. Accurate modelling of the process requires anisotropic parameters. Tensile tests at 0o, 15o, 30o, 45o, 60o, 75o, 90o to the rolling direction are carried out to determine the Lankford coefficients and hardening coefficients in each direction. The detailed material data obtained is then applied to simulate the HDR process. The forms recorded experimentally are compared with simulation results and conclusion is drawn as to the accuracy of the simulation.