The Effect of an Experimental 4% TiF4Varnish Compared to NaF Varnishes and 4% TiF4Solution on Dental Erosion in vitro

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This in vitro study assessed the effect of an experimental 4% TiF₄ varnish compared to commercial NaF and NaF/CaF₂ varnishes and 4% TiF₄ solution on enamel erosion. For this, 72 bovine enamel specimens were randomly allocated to the following treatments: NaF varnish(2.26% F), NaF/CaF₂ varnish (5.63% F), 4% TiF₄ varnish (2.45% F), F-free placebo varnish, 4% TiF₄solution (2.45% F) and control (not treated). The varnishes were applied in a thin layer and removed after 6 h. The solution was applied to the enamel surface for 1 min. Then, the specimens were alternately de- and remineralized (6 times/day) in an artificial mouth for 5 days at 37°C. Demineralization was performed with the beverage Sprite (1 min, 3 ml/min) and remineralization with artificial saliva (day: 59 min, 0.5 ml/min; during the night: 0.1 ml/min). The mean daily increment of erosion and the cumulative erosion data were tested using ANOVA and ANCOVA, respectively, followed by Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). The mean daily erosion increments and cumulative erosion (micrometers) were significantly less for the TiF₄ varnish (0.30 ± 0.11/0.65 ± 0.75) than for the NaF varnish (0.58 ± 0.11/1.47 ± 1.07) or the NaF/CaF₂ varnish (0.62 ± 0.10/1.68 ± 1.17), which in turn showed significantly less erosion than the placebo varnish (0.78 ± 0.12/2.05 ± 1.43), TiF₄ solution (0.86 ± 0.11/ 2.05 ± 1.49) and control (0.77 ± 0.16/2.06 ± 1.49). In conclusion, the TiF₄ varnish seems to be a promising treatment to reduce enamel loss under mild erosive conditions.