The Effect of Additive Substitute of MgO Nanoparticle on the Characteristics of Exports as Bone Filler

Abstract

Research has been conducted on the effect of adding MgO nanoparticle additives to the characteristics of porous hydroxyapatite as bone filler. The purpose of this study was to optimize previous research by replacing the ZnO nanoparticle additive with MgO nanoparticles accompanied by the use of the injection method. Porous hydroxyapatite synthesis is carried out by mixing nano-sized hydroxyapatite powder with MgO nanoparticles and making PVA solution. The composition of MgO nanoparticles varied at 8 wt%, 10 wt%, 12 wt% and 14 wt%. The hydroxyapatite-MgO mixture is dissolved in PVA solution so that the hydroxyapatite slurry is formed. Polyurethane foam is prepared with dimensions of 1 cm × 1 cm × 1 cm. Hydroxyapatite slurry is injected into polyurethane foam and followed by thermal treatments. The thermal treatments process was carried out in 3 stages, the drying stage at 80ºC for 2 hours, the phase of removal of PVA and polyurethane foam by heating in a temperature of 650ºC for 1 hour, and the sintering stage at 1200ºC for 3 hours. The effect of variations in the addition of MgO nanoparticles additives to the porous hydroxyapatite produced was characterized using porosity test, compressive strength test, morphological test with SEM, functional group test with FTIR, and cytotoxicity test using MTT assay. Based on the analyzes that have been done, it is known that the porous hydroxyapatite sample with the addition of 14 wt% of the MgO nanoparticle additive shows the best character with a porosity percentage of 68.60%, compressive strength value of 2.43 MPa, pore size of 100.3 - 314.3 µm, and not toxic.