The effect of a pulsed magnetic field on the processes of adaptation and vegetative development of microplants of apple clonal rootstocks (<i>Malus</i> Mill.)

Abstract

Adaptation of microplants to non-sterile conditions is the final stage of clonal micropropagation, which determines the yield of plants and the effectiveness of the entire method as a whole. To increase the survival of microplants, various methods are used, including the use of physical factors, which include exposure to a pulsed magnetic field. The objects of research were microplants of apple clonal rootstocks 54-118 and 57-490. Magnetic pulse processing (MPT) was carried out using the AMIS-8 magnetic pulse stimulation apparatus developed at the Horticulture Federal Research Center. At the stage of adaptation of microplants, MPT had a positive effect on the survival rate and biometric parameters of adapted plants of apple clonal rootstocks 54-118 and 57-490. Under the influence of MPT, the survival rate of microplants of the rootstock of the apple tree 54-118 increased by 50 %, 57-490 — by 25 % compared with the variant without treatment. The trunk diameter on average for 2 forms of apple clonal rootstocks after MPT was 13.3-21.5 % higher than the diameter of the trunk in plants without treatment. Plants of apple clonal rootstocks after MPT formed a more developed leaf apparatus with the number of leaves 1.4-1.6 times more than in control plants.