Abstract
Understanding the protection mechanism of 5′-AMP requires comprehensive knowledge of the proteins expressed during the period that the body is exposed to irradiation. Proteomics provides the tools for such analyses. Here, the experimental ICR mice were divided into three groups (normal group, model group and 5′-AMP + irradiation group). After different treatment, the hepatic total protein of each animal in three groups was separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). 2-DE analysis revealed fifty-eight protein spots were differentially expressed in comparison to three groups. From 58 protein spots, we selected nine spots to identify by MALDI-TOF-MS and received credible results. They were determined to be type I arginase, annexin A5, regucalcin, catalase, Tpm3 protein, Pdia4 protein, 14-3-3 protein epsilon, NAD-Malate dehydrogenase and heat shock protein 90. Considering the characteristic of these proteins, we proposed a possible protection pathway.
Highlights
Proteins act as gene-encoded products to execute and reflect various biological functions in living organisms
We proposed the liver as the appropriate study object for finding radiosensitive proteins and detecting the target molecule of radioprotector (5'-AMP)
Based on earlier animal experiments, we have found that 5'-AMP could regulate oxidation-reduction state in liver, showing the protective effect against irradiation
Summary
Proteins act as gene-encoded products to execute and reflect various biological functions in living organisms. It is more immediate and efficient to analyze the expression of genes at the protein molecule level. By comparing proteome difference between tissues or cells in various pathological and physiological conditions, biomarkers related to diseases can be selected and pathogenesis determined. Comparative analysis of differentially expressed proteins is valuable for the therapy of various diseases including radiation damage. The body’s cells exposed to irradiation would start a complex network process to decide the fate. The irradiation-related genes are activated to transmit the information between and within cells via various signal pathways, which in turn induces expression level differences in several target proteins, including cell cycle regulation, cell growth, cell apoptosis, DNA damage repair, etc. Proteomics technologies provide important clues for a better understanding about these genes as well as scientific evidence for the mechanism of 5'-AMP against radiation
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