The Economic and Social Burden of Insulin Resistance in Obesity

Abstract

Insulin resistance, a precursor to various metabolic disorders, represents a significant burden when associated with obesity. This detailed examination reveals the multifaceted economic and social impacts of insulin resistance intertwined with obesity. The financial strain is immense, primarily due to the increased prevalence of related conditions such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Healthcare costs surge due to the need for continuous management, medications, and treatments, compounded by indirect expenses from reduced productivity and absenteeism. These financial pressures extend beyond individual and healthcare systems, affecting businesses and the broader economy through decreased efficiency and increased disability support costs. Socially, insulin resistance linked to obesity carries profound implications. The stigma associated with obesity often leads to discrimination, adversely impacting the psychological well-being and social status of affected individuals. This stigma can perpetuate workplace bias, hindering career advancement and widening socio-economic disparities. The relationship between obesity and mental health is bidirectional, with insulin resistance exacerbating stress, depression, and anxiety, which further deteriorates the individual's overall health and social relationships. Effective management of insulin resistance in obesity necessitates a holistic approach. Lifestyle modifications, including dietary adjustments and regular physical activity, are foundational. Medications like metformin and thiazolidinediones are crucial when lifestyle changes are insufficient. Emerging treatments such as SGLT2 inhibitors and gut microbiota modifications offer promising avenues. Addressing comorbid conditions like dyslipidemia and hypertension is vital to reducing overall risk. Patient education is paramount, empowering individuals to take control of their health journey and ensuring a comprehensive understanding of insulin resistance's physiological and psychosocial aspects. A multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration among healthcare providers is essential. This strategy ensures tailored interventions that address both the physical and emotional dimensions of insulin resistance. As research advances, refining treatment approaches and reducing the social impacts associated with insulin resistance within the obesity framework remains a priority. This comprehensive approach aims to mitigate the broader implications of insulin resistance, fostering a more inclusive and supportive environment for those affected.