Abstract
The early stages of the Panulirus echinatus were hatched and reared in the laboratory. Ovigerous females were captured in their habitat and carefully transported to the laboratory. Larvae were transferred in a recirculation water tank at a density of 10 larvae.L(-1). The larvae were fed on Artemia and gonads of mussel Brachydonts sp. Microalgae Dunaliella viridis was added at a concentration of 150 x 10(4) cell.mL(-1). Larvae and exuviae of each zoeal stage were preserved in an alcohol 70% + glycerin (1:1) solution. The phyllosomas moulted eight times; the intermoulting period of each instar averaged about 7 to 10 days. The main morphological changes of each appendage were described in detail, illustrated and compared with previous reports.
Highlights
The Brazilian spiny lobsters of the Panulirus genus have high economic value
The larval development of spiny lobster has been reported for specimens collected in the sea (Lewis, 1951; Baisre, 1964; Phillips and Sastry, 1980) and for those reared in the laboratory progressed through the metamorphic puerulus stage (Inoue, 1981; Kittaka and Kimura, 1989; Yamakawa et al, 1989; Matsuda and Yamakawa, 2000)
The present study describes in detail and illustrates the 5 early stages and instars of each stage of the species P. echinatus in the laboratory
Summary
The species P. argus (Latreille, 1804) and P. laevicauda (Latreille, 1817) are captured extensively, representing one of the most important fishery resources in the world (Phillips et al, 1980). Despite the economic significance that this latter species has represented in the fisheries, few studies concerning their biological aspects have been reported. The larval development of spiny lobster has been reported for specimens collected in the sea (Lewis, 1951; Baisre, 1964; Phillips and Sastry, 1980) and for those reared in the laboratory progressed through the metamorphic puerulus stage (Inoue, 1981; Kittaka and Kimura, 1989; Yamakawa et al, 1989; Matsuda and Yamakawa, 2000). The long larval period (about one year) is considered an important obstacle for phyllosoma culture research. The lack of detailed morphological description of some or all phyllosoma stages has hindered studies of larval distribution and ecology
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