The double Fourier series of a discontinuous function

Abstract

A function of two variables may be expanded in a double Fourier series, as a function of one variable is expanded in an ordinary Fourier series. Purpose that the function f ( x, y ) possesses a double Lebesgue integral over the square (– π < π ; – π < y < π ). Then the general term of the double Fourier series of this function is given by cos = є mn { a mn cos mx cos ny + b mn sin mx sin ny + c mn cos mx sin ny + d mn sin mx cos ny } There є 00 = ¼, є m0 = ½ ( m > 0), є 0n = ½ ( n > 0), є ms = 1 ( m > 0, n >0). the coefficients are given by the formulæ a mn = 1/ π 2 ∫ π -π ∫ π -π f ( x, y ) cos mx cos ny dx dy , obtained by term-by-term integration, as in an ordinary Fourier series. Ti sum of a finite number of terms of the series may also be found as in the ordinary theory. Thus ∫ ms = Σ m μ = 0 Σ n v = 0 A μ v = 1/π 2 ∫ π -π ∫ π -π f (s, t) sin( m +½) ( s - x ) sin ( n + ½) ( t - y )/2 sin ½ ( s - x ) 2 sin ½ ( t - y ) if f ( s , t ) is defined outside the original square by double periodicity, we have sub S ms = 1/π 2 ∫ π 0 ∫ π 0 f ( x + s , y + t ) + f ( x + s , y - t ) + f ( x - s , y + t ) + f ( x - s , y - t ) sin ( m + ½) s / 2 sin ½ s sin ( n + ½) t / 2 sin ½ t ds dt .