Abstract
Leaves, the primary plant organs that function in photosynthesis and respiration, have highly organized, flat structures that vary within and among species. In recent years, it has become evident that auxin plays central roles in leaf development, including leaf initiation, blade formation, and compound leaf patterning. In this review, we discuss how auxin maxima form to define leaf primordium formation. We summarize recent progress in understanding of how spatial auxin signaling promotes leaf blade formation. Finally, we discuss how spatial auxin transport and signaling regulate the patterning of compound leaves and leaf serration.
Highlights
Unlike animals, plants continuously produce new organs, forming leaves, flowers, and stems postembryonically
Epidermal PIN1 in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) is polarized toward cells with high auxin concentrations that are destined to form an incipient primordium
PIN1 is arranged toward neighboring cells with higher auxin concentrations, computational models have been developed that recapitulate the convergence of directional auxin transport toward incipient primordia
Summary
Plants continuously produce new organs, forming leaves, flowers, and stems postembryonically. The transition from cell division to cell differentiation occurs in a basipetal manner in many species, including the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) (Figure 1D). In such species, the forefront of cycling cells, named the “arrest front”, moves basipetally [3,4]. Each step of leaf development development can be roughly divided into patterning and shaping. Leaf patterning, the differential expressionare of differential expression of gene products andDuring differential distribution of phytohormones gene products and differential distribution of phytohormones are established, which direct differential established, which direct differential cell division and growth to elicit shape changes.
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