Abstract
Based on the data analysis of 16 years of TMPA dataset, the common patterns of rainfall over the Ciliwung River Basin are diurnal and semidiurnal. Those patterns can be associated by a stationary or moving rainstorm with different magnitude and direction. Based on hydrological model simulations, both the pattern and movement have a significant role to the discharge. At the downstream area, the discharge that triggered by semidiurnal pattern of rainfall can produces higher peak discharge and longer flood duration than diurnal pattern. This result open possibility to improve our prediction on design discharge.
Highlights
The spatial-temporal characteristics of rainfall have significant role on characteristic of stream flow [1]–[4]
The distribution of rainfall can be concentrated on upstream areas, or downstream areas and the storms can moving to downslope or upslope or downslope-upslope
This indicates the diurnal patterns getting more dominant in the upstream area and vice versa for the semidiurnal pattern, getting more dominant in the downstream area
Summary
The spatial-temporal characteristics of rainfall have significant role on characteristic of stream flow [1]–[4]. These characteristics strongly effected by moving rainstorm [2]. The greatest effect of moving rainstorms occurred when the velocity of storms is half of stream flow velocity in downslope direction [1]. Based on the four severe floods that occurred in Jakarta, the spatial-temporal variation is inherent characteristics on the extreme rainfalls. The characteristics shown by: spatial distributions (upstream, midstream, downstream), temporal patterns of rainfall and its combinations (diurnal and semidiurnal)
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