The Dislocation Movement in the Pre-Yield Region in White Tin Single Crystals by Using the Etch Hillock Technique

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Single crystal plates of white tin were stretched in an etching solution to designated stresses below the macro yield stress using an Instron type tensile machine. The etching solution produced hillocks at the sites of dislocations and trails of hillocks along the loci of moved dislocations. Two types of dislocation movements could be distinguished by the shapes of hillock trails. The one corresponds to the movement of a dislocation which terminates at the surface, and the other, the movement of a dislocation which emerges by stressing from the interior. The movement of the former type takes place at stress levels ranging from about 30 g/mm2 to 50 g/mm2. The movement of the latter type occurs more frequently as the stress increases. The distribution of the trail length was found to depend on the dislocation density.