Abstract
A direct smelting method has been tested on a pilot-scale for the recovery of silver from sulfide minerals. The charge may be processed with iron as a reducing agent and soda as a fluxing agent or with soda ash as an oxidizer and carbon. Precious metals are gathered with lead, which can be added as metallic lead if it exists in the technological cycle or may be available in the form of battery powder or lead concentrate. The behavior of silver and its sulfides in the system are described, and some fluctuations observed in the short rotary furnace are explained. Further, the kinetics of metal removal, a thermodynamic analysis, metal-loss phenomena, and a coordinated mass balance are presented.
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