Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into nerve cells with an induction from chemical compounds in medium culture. Chromolaena odorata contains active compounds, such as alkaloids and flavonoids, that can initiate the transformation of MSCs into nerve cells. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of methanol extracted C. odorata leaf to induce the differentiation of bone marrow MSCs into nerve cells. Methods: A serial concentration of C. odorata leaf extract (0.7-1.0 mg/mL) with two replications was used. The parameters measured were the number of differentiated MSCs into nerve cells (statistically analyzed using ANOVA) and cell confirmation using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: The results showed that the C. odorata extract had a significant effect on the number MSCs differentiating into nerve cells ( p < 0.05) on the doses of 0.8 mg/ml with 22.6%. Molecular assay with RT-PCR confirmed the presence of the nerve cell gene in all of the samples. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study showed the potential application of C. odorata leaf extract in stem cell therapy for patients experiencing neurodegeneration by inducing the differentiation of MSCs into nerve cells.
Highlights
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are found in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the sub-granular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus
We investigated the potential of C. odorata leaf extract as an inducer for Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation from bone marrow into nerve cells, where its expression was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
The cell's cytoplasm consisted of dendrites and axons, which indicated the cells were similar to nerve cells
Summary
Stem cells have received significant attention in the medical field because of their extended growth characteristics and ability to differentiate into other cell types. Neural stem cells (NSCs) can repair damaged brain cells by undergoing differentiation into nerve cells and glial cells.[1]. As an alternative to NSCs, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be employed to repair damaged nerve cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into nerve cells with an induction from chemical compounds in medium culture. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of methanol extracted C. odorata leaf to induce the differentiation of bone marrow MSCs into nerve cells. Results: The results showed that the C. odorata extract had a significant effect on the number MSCs differentiating into nerve cells ( p < 0.05) on the doses of 0.8 mg/ml with 22.6%. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study showed the potential application of C. odorata leaf extract in stem cell therapy for patients experiencing neurodegeneration by inducing the differentiation of MSCs into nerve cells
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