Abstract
BackgroundConsumption of a Western-styled diet enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFA) relative to polyunsaturated fatty acids is positively associated with risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Whilst potential causal mechanism are unclear, there is increasing evidence that chronic ingestion of SFA enriched diets promote increase the plasma levels of lipoprotein-associated amyloid-β (Aβ). However, the effects of dietary mono- and poly-unsaturated fats (MUFA/PUFA) on nascent lipoprotein Aβ abundance have not been previously reported.MethodsWild-type C57BL/6 J mice were maintained on low-fat control chow (LF) or diets enriched in either SFA, MUFA, or PUFA for 9 months. Enterocytic abundance of Aβ was determined with quantitative immunofluorescent microscopy and plasma Aβ was measured by ELISA.ResultsThe chronic ingestion of SFA-enriched diet increased the enterocytic abundance and plasma concentration of Aβ compared to LF control mice. The mice maintained on MUFA or PUFA diet showed comparable enterocytic and plasma Aβ levels to the LF control mice.ConclusionsThe data indicates that a diet enriched in SFA significantly increases the enterocytic Aβ production and secretion into the circulation, whilst MUFA and PUFA enriched diet do not exert such effects.
Highlights
Consumption of a Western-styled diet enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFA) relative to polyunsaturated fatty acids is positively associated with risk for Alzheimer’s disease
Following 9 months of dietary intervention with the SFA enriched diet, the enterocytic abundance of Aβ was significantly elevated compared to control mice maintained on a low-fat control chow (LF) chow (Fig. 2)
The mice fed with Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) diet for 9 months showed no significant changes in enterocytic Aβ compared to LF control mice, but rather was substantially lower than the SFA-fed mice
Summary
Consumption of a Western-styled diet enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFA) relative to polyunsaturated fatty acids is positively associated with risk for Alzheimer’s disease. The effects of dietary mono- and polyunsaturated fats (MUFA/PUFA) on nascent lipoprotein Aβ abundance have not been previously reported. Epidemiological studies are consistent that consumption of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) is associated with an increased risk of AD. A recent meta-analysis consistently reported that a higher intake of dietary SFA increases the risk of AD by 39% [3]. Mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA/PUFA) are shown to have no significant association with AD risk and some studies suggest protective effects [3].
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