The Differential Diagnosis of Tic Disorders

Abstract

Abstract This chapter focuses on the differential diagnosis of tics and tic disorders. Tics need to be distinguished from other hyperkinetic movement disorders, such as chorea, myoclonus, and dystonia, as well as from movement disorders associated with psychiatric conditions (compulsions, sterotypies, mannerisms, habits). Tourette syndrome belongs to a family of primary tic disorders that include chronic motor or vocal tic disorder and transient tic disorder. However, tics may have different etiologies and can occur secondary to a number of conditions, including neurological disorders and medications, and as a psychogenic manifestation.