Abstract
Abstract Tics need to be distinguished from other neurological movement disorders (chorea, myoclonus, and dystonia). Tics also need to be distinguished from movement disorders associated with psychiatric conditions (compulsions, stereotypies, mannerisms, and habits). Tourette syndrome (TS) is part of a family of primary tic disorders that include chronic motor or vocal tic disorder and transient tic disorder. Tics can occur secondary to a number of conditions, including neurological disorders, medications, and as a functional manifestation. This chapter discusses the differential diagnosis of tic disorders at two levels. First is a discussion about how to distinguish tics from other types of body movements and sounds. This is followed by a discussion about the various etiologic entities that can cause tics.
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