The development of wireless charging technology in the electric vehicle

Abstract

Greenhouse gas emissions have caused the global climate to deteriorate, and the consumption of oil resources is becoming less cost-effective. Electric vehicles (EVs) are a good way to reduce this negative impact. However, the energy density of batteries is too low compared with oil, so electric cars need to be recharged repeatedly. This paper provides a comprehensive review of all the wireless charging technologies for EVs. The technology principle of Inductively Coupled Power Transfer (ICPT), Magnetically Coupled Resonant Wireless Power Transfer (MCR-WPT) and Microwave Power Transfer (MPT) are discussed by a comparative analysis between the three technologies. The analysis found that MCR-WPT is the best technology because it has high efficiency and very little radiation. After that, wireless charging is expounded from both static and dynamic perspectives. Next, different national requirements and standards for wireless charging are presented. According to the economic and safety analysis, it is found that wireless charging technology can avoid many security risks, reduce the occupied area and has a longer service life than wired charging.