Review of Wireless Charging Technology For Electric Vehicle

Abstract

A Wireless charging using Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technique is the future of Electric Vehicles (EVs) mobility. With the implementation of wireless charging, effort of plugging-in the charging cable to the vehicle will be reduced which is the most convenient way of EV charging for human being. WPT system basically works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. WPT has basic two types, inductive power transfer (IPT) and magnetic resonance coupling (MRC) power transfer. Performance efficiency of MRC is improved compared to IPT with the use of resonance network for maximizing power transfer. This resonance networks has to operated in the range of 80kHz-90khz frequency. SAE J2954 standard has been evolving to motivate the development and implementation of wireless charger across the globe. Standard specifies WPT power classes and different Z-gap range of operation for wireless charger. Interoperability Class-I wireless charger will work over the full VA coil ground clearance range and input power range while Class-II will work for specific Z-gap range. Foreign object detection (FOD) and Living object protection (LOP) are one of the major factors need to be considered during the design and development of wireless charger.