THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GRAPHOANALYTICAL MEANS IN A RESEARCH OF THE ARCHITEKTURAL HISTORY

Abstract

In the diverse arsenal of research tools of modern architectural science is quite prominent system of its graphic-analytical support, which derives from the very essence of construction art with the inherent drawings, sketches, Patterns, as well as different complexity of the graphic schemes and tables. There is no exception in this regard, and research of the Istorits World architecture, although the task of the graphianalytic means of this field arhìtekturoznavstva complicated by the need to display them in different scale and the structure of processes Development of building art and its individual links. Despite these additional loadings on the graphical "accompaniment" of research of the architectural heritage, analysis of considerable experience and patterns its use in the context of the general development of architectural science remains the attention of domestic and Foreign scholars.The emergence of an existing graphic-analytical system in studies of the building art history should be associated with the earliest forms of an architectural environment image and its separate fragments from the paintings of temples, palaces and other Notable buildings and ending with fine and applied art works. Rather noticeable role in this process played and illustrations to the Middle Chronicles, chronicles and Road notes of Travelers, which, despite their predominantly stylized character, still remain an important source of the history of architecture.The active phase of formation of special techniques of graphic "accompaniment" of historical and architectural science began only on the verge of the XIX and XX centuries due to the appearance of the first natural photos and measurement drawings of ancient buildings. This is the prepared soil for the construction of individual objects of architectural heritage in a comparative table with a gradual complication of their structure, the transition from the use of specific historical buildings to their conventional typological models, as well as Various attempts to graphic reflection of centuries-old evolution of building art. It should be noted that the creation of new graphic-analytical forms the study of the architectural heritage did not limit the use of the existing means of visualization including such primary and purely empìrìčnì instruments of typological attribution monuments Architecture as materials for their naturosphere examination. It has considerably expanded the range of existing graphic-analytical providing of historical-architectural science of forms and methods in the modern system, although the overwhelming majority of them still play the role of auxiliary "graphical accompaniment" of textured part Research. It is in increasing their efficiency and use as an equal element of scientific work and, in our opinion, the most important task, as well as prospects for further development of the grapintical means of studying the history of construction art.